Purpose of Government

To secure the equal individual natural rights of those who are citizens.

Purpose of Government

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Many political disputes arise over disagreements about what government should or should not do. These disputes point to an important question: What is the proper purpose of government?

It is one thing to say that people who are sick value health care; it is something quite different to insist that government should provide health care for everyone. It is one thing to say that education is important; it is something quite different to insist that government should provide education for everyone.

Civic harmony requires fellow citizens who share some common understanding about the proper purpose of government, which is succinctly summarized in the Declaration of Independence.

After positing “that  that all men are created equal” in the sense that all human beings are “endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights,” among which are “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness,” the Declaration rightfully states “that to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.”

The proper purpose of a government, therefore, is a fairly limited goal: to secure the equal individual natural rights of those who are citizens.

That’s it.

The proper purpose of a government is not to protect the natural rights of every human being on Earth. Citizens in other parts of the world should form their own governments that protect their own rights.

Also, the proper purpose of government is not to save the souls of citizens or force them to profess “correct” religious beliefs. The proper purpose of government is not to provide or give to citizens whatever they want. Anything that requires the labor and capital of others—anything that requires the property of others—cannot be a right, should not be an entitlement, and ought not be supplied by government.

The proper purpose of government is limited to protecting the natural rights of citizens—their individual liberty and private property—which is why a proper, legitimate government should have only limited powers. A government of limited purpose should be a government of limited powers.

    • Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural Address (1801)

    Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural Address (1801)

    • Thomas Jefferson, Kentucky Resolutions (1798)

    Thomas Jefferson, Kentucky Resolutions (1798)

    • George Washington, Farewell Address (1796)

    George Washington, Farewell Address (1796)

    • George Washington, Letter to the Hebrew Congregation at Newport

    George Washington, Letter to the Hebrew Congregation at Newport

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